The practical way to do it is to import the statement (in Spain, usually in the norma 43 format) and review the transactions left unmatched: that list of orphans is exactly what still needs to be booked or collected. Reconciling at least once a month keeps small mismatches from piling up until year-end close.
Typical cases that show up when reconciling: a client who pays two invoices with a single transfer, a bank fee nobody had recorded, a supplier direct debit with no invoice behind it, or a payment for a slightly different amount than invoiced. Each has its own fix: split the payment, book the expense, ask for the invoice, or look into the difference.
The classic mistake is leaving it all for the end of the year. By then you no longer remember what each charge was, expense invoices are missing, and the VAT in quarters you already filed may be wrong. Reconciliation works on the bank account in the general ledger and feeds the cuenta de pérdidas y ganancias and the balance de situación. kontora imports the statement and suggests a match between each transaction and its invoice or expense.
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